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resistors.jpg (5445 bytes) filter.jpg (5025 bytes) resonator.jpg (5462 bytes) goback.gif (2981 bytes)

RESISTORS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
HOW TO APPLY RESISTORS CORRECTLY
  1. The characteristics of resistor have relations to Temperature
    Moisture and Voltage.
  2. The rating of resistor is specified on the basis of Temperature.
  3. The power rating of resistor is all specified with a Direct-Current
    (D.C) continuous     working voltage or Sine-wave root-mean-square
    (rms) continuous working voltage at commercial-line frequency.
  4. The tests regarding characteristics of resistor, is principally specified
    on the basis of moisture.
  5. Maximum rated voltage and maximum overload voltage are limited for each style of resistor.
    (1.) Generally , Rated Voltage , Where , E=Volt , P=Watt , R=Ohm.
    (2.) Generally , Overload Voltage , Application time=5 Sec.
    Note: Max. rated and Max. overload voltage are specified in each specification, so     if the voltage value computed, is over than specified voltage value the specified value should be applied to resistor.
  6. In the complicated or high density circuit, it is recommended that the wattage  or ohmic values of resistor should have a large redundancy from a view  point of reliability.
  7. It is necessary that the handling or wiring of resistor to the circuit, is carefully and please do not inflict any stress to resistor with over heating application.
  8. To rise the reliability of resistor, it is better to prefer resistor with uniform  quality than taking resistor meet with severe specification.
  9. To rise the stability of resistor, it is very important to take resistor meet  with circuit conditions and is also economical not to have unreasonable  design from a point of pricing of resistor.
  10. Generally, failure of resistor takes a concentrated trend in the impulse circuit with complicated pulse wave form or L.C. circuit generated high voltage with transient phenomena, therefore, it is very important for designers to consider these conditions in the circuit design, if the resistor is applied in these circuit.

                                  Electrical Characteristics
Quantity Symbol Basic unit
Current
Charge
Power
Voltage
Resistance
Reactance
Impedance
Conductance
Capacitance
Inductance
Frequency
Period
I or i
Q or q
P
V or v
R
X
Z
G
C
L
f
T
ampere (A)
coulomb (C)
watt (W)
volt (V)
ohm (£[)
ohm (£[)
ohm (£[)
siemens (S)
farad (F)
henry (H)
hertz (Hz)
second (s)

                                   Multiples and Submultiples of Units*
Value Prefix Symbol Example
1,000,000,000,000=1012
1,000,000,000=109
1,000,000,000=106
1,000=103
100=102
10=10
0.1=10-1
0.01=10-2
0.001=10-3
0.000 0001=10-6
0.000 000 001=10-9
0.000 000 000 0001=10-12
tera
giga
mega
kilo
hecto
deka
deci
centi
milli
micro
nano
pico
T
G
M
k
h
da
d
c
m
£g**
n
p
T£[=1012£[
G£[=109£[
M£[=106£[
kV=103£[
hm=102£g
dam=10m
dm=10-1 m
cm=102 m
mA=103 A
£gV=106 V
ns=10-9 s
pF=10-12 F
* Additional prefices are ea=1018 peta =1015 femto =1015 and atto= 1018
** "M" is often used to designate "£g" (micro)

Ohm's Law
E=IR
R=E/I E=Voltage (Volts)
I=E/R I=Resistance (ohms)
P=EI P=Current (Amperes)
P=E2 /R P=Power (Watts)
P=I 2R

Resistors in Series
Rs=R1 + R2 + R3....+ Rn

Resistors in Parallel
22-2.jpg (5567 bytes)
Temp. Coeff. of Resistance
22-3.jpg (6520 bytes)

Reated pulse Voltage
22-4.jpg (5285 bytes)
Ep : Rated Pulse Voltage(V) T : Pulse Duration Period(S)
P : Rated Power of Resistor(W) f : Frequency(Hz)
R : Rated Resistance(£[)
Reactance Formulas
22-5.jpg (6964 bytes)
Impedance Formulas
22-6.jpg (11715 bytes)


Color Ist figure 2 nd figure 3 rd figure Multiplier Tolerance
Black 0 0 0 1  
Brown 1 1 1 10 F(add.gif (63 bytes)1%)
Red 2 2 2 100 G(add.gif (63 bytes)2%)
Orange 3 3 3 1,000  
Yellow 4 4 4 10,000 ¡@
Green 5 5 5 100,000 D(add.gif (63 bytes)0.5%)
Blue 6 6 6 1,000,000 C(add.gif (63 bytes)0.25%)
Violet 7 7 7 10,000,000 B(0.1%)
Gray 8 8 8 ¡@ ¡@
White 9 9 9 ¡@ ¡@
Gold ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ 0.1 J(add.gif (63 bytes)5%)
Silver ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ 0.01 K(add.gif (63 bytes)10%)
Plain ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ ¡@ M(add.gif (63 bytes)20%)

¡UTemperature Coefficient¡U   ¡USignificant figures of nominal resistance¡U

resistors.jpg (5445 bytes) filter.jpg (5025 bytes) resonator.jpg (5462 bytes) goback.gif (2981 bytes)



TOKEN ELECTRONICS IND. CO., LTD.
No.137,Sec.1,Chung-Shin Rd., Wu Ku Hsiang ,Taipei Hsien,Taiwan,R.O.C.
Tel:886-2-29810109 (3Lines). 29827742 Fax:886-2-29887487
http://www.token.com.tw E-mail:token@token.com.tw